The insula is a remarkably heterogeneous and often overlooked region involved in a wide range of processes from sensory and interoceptive processing to cognition and emotion. The insula has a fascinating antero-posterior cytoarchitectural gradient that parallels its functional and connectivity organization. Using resting-state fMRI data from the Human Connectome Project in Development (HCP-D), we investigated insula development. We found that insula functional connectivity development follows an antero-posterior axis. Anterior and posterior subregions showed distinct developmental patterns that parallel established differences in insula cytoarchitecture, function, and connectivity. Developmental trajectories of the posterior insula varied according to the position of cortical targets along the S-A hierarchy, whereas anterior insula trajectories were more homogeneous. At higher spatial resolution, the antero-posterior pattern of functional connectivity development corresponded with an independent BigBrain-derived microstructural gradient that approximates insula cytoarchitecture. Together, these findings suggest that the insula does not develop as a single, uniform region. Instead, its functional connectivity development reflects the canonical antero-posterior organization from cytoarchitecture and other features.

The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is the largest U.S. effort to track brain development in adolescence. Diffusion MRI (dMRI) offers a powerful window into white matter, but large, multi-site datasets are difficult to process and analyze. We address this with the ABCD-BIDS Community Collection (ABCC, release 3.1.0): an open resource of 24,000+ fully processed dMRI scans. ABCC includes analysis-ready data, detailed quality metrics, advanced microstructural measures, and individualized white matter tractography. Using these data, we show that newer dMRI metrics outperform traditional measures in detecting developmental change—and are more robust to differences in image quality. We also demonstrate that harmonizing data across scanners improves the consistency of findings across sites. ABCC lowers barriers to large-scale neuroimaging and provides a powerful, open foundation for studying adolescent brain development.

Here, we present a living systematic review and open-data meta-analytic resource on MDMA treatment for PTSD. In this initial release, 6 randomized controlled trials comprising 286 participants are included in the database. All six studies included in the review to date are sponsored by the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS). All code, data, and a meta-analytic dashboard are available via sypres.io